The four temperament theory is a proto-psychological theory which suggests that there are four fundamental personality types: sanguine, choleric, melancholic, and phlegmatic.

Source: WikiPedia.

The properties of these humours also corresponded to the four seasons.

Thus blood, which was considered hot and wet, corresponded to spring. Yellow bile, considered hot and dry, corresponded to summer. Black bile, cold and dry, corresponded to autumn. And finally, phlegm, cold and wet, corresponded to winter

Table of

theories and instruments neither using scales explicitly nor recognizing a moderate temperament

Nature of your self.

		Useful | Hysterical | Influence/Inspiring |

| Choleric | Fire | Ruling | Obsessive | Dominance |

		Useful | Hysterical | Influence/Inspiring |

| Choleric | Fire | Ruling | Obsessive | Dominance |

| Date | Founder | Low first and second factors | high first factor low second factor | high first and second factors | low first factor, high second factor | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | c. 400 BC | **Hippocrates'** four humoursHumorism | black bile | yellow bile | blood | phlegm | | autumn, adulthood, gallbladder, dry/cold | summer, youth, spleen, hot/dry | spring, infancy, liver, wet/hot | winter, old-age, brain/lungs, cold/wet | | | | c. 1025 | **Avicenna's four primary** temperaments | Technically speaking, rheumatism, insomnia, wakefulness, acquired habit, lack of desire for fluids, loss of vigour~deficient energy, high pulse rate, lassitude, sleepiness all appear to belong to a moderate temperament and Avicenna has assigned them rather arbitrary values | | | | | c. 1966 | Temperament by LaHaye | Melancholy | Choleric | Sanguine | Phlegmatic | | 1970s | Herrmann Brain Dominance Instrument | Analytical Thinking | Imaginative Thinking | Interpersonal Thinking | Sequential Thinking | | c. 1998 | Hartman Personality Profile | Yellow | Blue | Red | White | | 2014 | Erikson's behavior types | Green | | | |